Now young people prefer to send e-cards for their new year’s greeting.

European women were in great demand in New Zealand in those early

times. That is, women prepared to marry the many single men who

arrived at the colony among the first whalers and settlers and now had【M1】______

their own land and reasonable accommodation to offer. The single

unaccompanied emigrant women, willing to marry and looking for a

husband, were "snapped" up by the local men soon after their arrival.

Many these single women and the married couples with young 【M2】______

children had left their native Scotch and Ireland because they had already【M3】______

experienced poverty, where there was only meager income for the family【M4】______

and few or no food to put on the table for their children. 【M5】______

These were the "assisted" passengers aboard on the ships. The family【M6】______

groups herded together in small cramped conditions among the many other【M7】______

people and left to find their own space in the barrels, ropes and sails. 【M8】______

There were no toilet facilities, and scarlet fever, measles, and dysentery【M9】______

attacked many of the families. Death was not uncommon among the young

passengers; and babies in arms were the worst effected. 【M10】______

【M1】

根据短文回答 16～22 题。

The Industrial Age and Employment

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's work has taken the form. of jobs.The industrial age may now be cominｇ to an end,and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed,This seems a daunting(大胆的)thought.But,in fact,it could offer the prospect of a better future for work.Universal employment。as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom。

Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving(剥夺)them of the Use the land.and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves.Then the fact. system;destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes.Later, as transport improved,first by rail and then by road,people commuted(乘车往返)longer distances to their places of employment until.Eventually, many people's work test all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.

Meanwhile employment put women at a disadvantage.In pre—industrial times。men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village Community Now it became customary(惯例的)for the husband to go out to paid employl+1tent,

leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations

still assume this norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the Sexes.

It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment because the dominant form. of work,young people and old people Were excluded—a problem now,as more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.

All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some efforts and resources away from the utopian(乌托邦的)goal of creating jobs for all.to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.

第 16 题 The established work patterns may be changed with the closing of the industrial age.（）

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

In some countries more and more young people now wear ______ hair.

A．false

B．untrue

C．spare

D．unnatural

A.false

B.untrue

C.spare

D.unnatural

A.meaning shift

B.loss of meaning

C.widening of meaning

D.narrowing of meaning

A.false

B.untrue

C.wrong

D.erroneous